A few months back I ended up building a RDC Server in Golang (i.e. no Windows required!) entirely with Claude, which was a fun experiment.
I ended up fronting that with GitHub Auth (purely for rate limiting purposes, since it's bandwidth intensive), but I've built it in such a way that it surfaces/renders any arbitrary binary on the RDC side. In my case, I ended up just fronting it with a Snake binary, but it's been fun to experiment and push the bounds somewhat.
I should really think about open sourcing it - in my case it was an experiment to see how far I could push Claude that turned out pretty great tbh
I've used Azure bastion to do just this, you auth to the azure portal using whatever authentication regime is configured for your tenant, then you rdp into virtual machines from your browser using the local vm login. it handles things like files and clipboards great. But it also supports console sessions in the browser.
I haven't used it with windows/rdp (if it even is supported), but in GCP, their in-browser SSH is the best I've seen so far.
Even for Linux, I've found xrdp to be better than alternatives at times.
The main problem I see this solving (one of many) is the decoupling of the management interface for virtual machines and servers from their service interfaces. not having your web server's management services on the same IP/domain/interface as the http server is a big improvement. Lots of security screw-ups happen because of this entanglement.
https://github.com/rustdesk/rustdesk
https://github.com/thedepartmentofexternalservices/teraguchi
That was the main problem in guacamole rdp in browser.